TEHRAN (Iran News) –Republic in France has been established in contradiction with monarchy and with toppling the monarchy and through the time, the thought and mindset of monarchists have overcome the spirit of republicans of France and today the voice of republic’s body in contradiction with the spirit of monarchy has the same demands that it had during the years of rule of guillotine.
Change of monarchy into republic, the demand of the public in the late 18th Century and early 19th Century based on equality and brotherhood has emerged in the form of today’s revolution . That day and with the revolt of August 10, 1792, employees of the French offices with the help of the ordinary people invaded the guardians of Tuileries Palace and with storming the palace, they killed some 600 Swiss protection guards of the king and called for stepping down of the king. At that time legislative parliament, which was in power before the declaration of first republic, was under foreign threats.
France was involved in a war with Austria and Prussia. In July 1792, Duke of Brunswick, commander of Austrian and Prussian Army threatened that if smallest thing happens to French King Louis XVI, he would destroy Paris. This foreign threat intensified political chaos in France in the heat of the French Revolution and deepened revolutionary sentiment and emotion among different fronts in the country; like the current status that violence finds new form day in day. In the first half of September 1792, some currents infiltrated into the prisons of the city to prevent any change in the establishment and they killed almost half of the nobles, clerics, political prisoners as well as ordinary criminals like prostitutes and petty thieves. In the wake of rise in the violence of the people and political instability of new Constitutional Monarchy, a party comprised of six members of French legislative parliament took the charge of holding and monitoring the elections.
The convention resulted by these elections started its work with two goals of superseding and compiling a new Constitution. The first action of this convention was to declare republic and take away all political powers from the King himself. After a while Louis XVI stood on trial for big treason charge in December 1972 and just in one month on January 16, 1793 he was sentenced to death and was executed on January 21. Through the whole winter of 1792 and spring of 1793, Paris were facing with riots and looting food and general hunger problem. The new convention did not take any serious action for removing the problem till the end of the spring of 1973 and instead it was busy with war issues.
Finally on April 6, 1793, the convention set up public security committee and assigned it with important tasks; supervise and handle radical movements, shortage of food stuff and riots, riots in Vendee and Brittany, successive defeats of army and desertion of commanders from the army were of the main missions of this committee.
The committee implemented the policy of “rule of fear” and guillotines were beheading with faster speed those who were against the republic,and an era that we know it as the “rule of fear” began. Despite rise in the dissatisfaction of the people against the national convention as a ruling body, the convention prepared the draft copy of the Constitution in June 1973 which was approved by the votes of people in August of the same year. However the public security committee was considered as an emergency government and the guaranteed rights announced by the 1789 Human Rights Declaration and Citizenship and the new Constitution were not carried out.
Today French people have revived the climate of 230 years ago and they now feel a deep understanding of change in the spirit of the establishment into deception and reign beneath the skin of the republic, and this is a fully sustainable dissatisfaction and it shows itself in the form of different protests. Clearly one can see what happened during the riots and unrests of last year (2022) in Iran are totally different from the demands of the French. The difference is in the nature of those unrests. The demand of the French is a total change in the nature of the whole establishment so-called republic in France and actually, in essence, monarchy. But demands of unrests in Iran were limited to only a minority which was administered by a mixture of a toppling project in the form of combination of thugs and some deceived people through the support of media tools inside and outside the country and it was like the Iranian 28 Mordad Coup d’Etat (1953 Coup); so that unrests and protests and way of controlling this phenomena in some areas of the country are of the issues that have become important for the officials of the Islamic Republic following the political and social changes after the imposed war. These protests have led to the waves of theorizations regarding the nature, roots and consequences. Many analysts have analyzed this issue and have used different interpretations and opinions.
The great distance in the nature and the depth of unrests in Iran comparing with what is going in France today is completely evident and clear and in fact it implies different interpretations and sometimes in contradiction to each other.
Both currents either in Iran or France today are under study and analysis with the topics like social riots, social movement and even Iran as the new sedition. Raising this question, that last autumn unrests in the Islamic Republic of Iran are explainable based on what factors and raising the second question how the unrests in France can be analyzed, can put the point of difference of these two currents clearly in front of the eyes of our dear readers.
Today domestic political currents from pro-Western to seculars are surprised how they see inverted and disintegrated their mental pattern for imposing their intellectual content in the establishment. Those who see effective the application of the communicative action (Habermars) in analyzing political and social protests, today are in awe and silence why suddenly they find their measurable ideals disintegrated. The republic seemingly was to label injustice on all the world, and today it brutally has resorted to hot and cold weapons in facing with the native justice-seekers to quell and choke their social leap and voice based on deep understanding of the content of monarchy with the name of the republic.
