Autumn expected to be warmer than normal

mahla — Sat, 07 Aug 2021 08:51:52 +0000

TEHRAN (Iran News) – Autumn expected to be warmer than normal. Iran is expected to experience a “warmer than normal” autumn this year, as the temperature will rise by 0.5 to 1 degree, Sadeq Ziaeian, director of the national center for drought and crisis management, affiliated to the Meteorological Organization has said.

Due to climate change in Iran, the frequency and severity of extreme phenomena such as heatwaves, floods, and heavy rainfall is increasing, he stated.

The maps show that this fall (September 23), rainfall will decline by 30 percent compared to the long-term average, he said, adding, we expect the autumn rains to start later this year and the season is expected to be half a degree to one degree warmer than normal.

It is worth mentioning that torrential rains are not predictable in the seasonal and monthly forecasts, but only a few days before the occurrence, he emphasized, IRNA reported on Friday.

The latest report of the national center for drought and crisis management indicates that 129.9 mm of rainfall occurred from the beginning of the current water year (September 23, 2020) until June 28, compared to 224.3 mm of rainfall, in the long run, showing a 42.1 percent decline.

This decrease in rainfall has had a negative effect on the dam reservoirs and has caused a reduction of more than 49 percent in the water intake of dams, which has led to serious challenges in water supply, he lamented.

From June 22 to July 29, only one-tenth of a millimeter of rain poured over the country, which shows a decrease of 86.7 percent compared to the long-term average of 0.9 millimeters.

More drought predicted over next 5 years

According to the World Meteorological Organization’s multiannual forecast, in the next five years, Iran’s average rainfall will decline by 75 percent, and the temperature rises by 50-75 percent compared to the long-term average.

Accordingly, the adoption of national policies to adapt to low rainfall and reduce the consequences of drought is inevitable, and the Seventh Development Plan should be prepared on the basis of drought and climate change, Vazifeh said in May.

A large part of the country has been hit by severe drought during the past 12 months. Forecasts indicate that we will not have significant rainfall in the remaining months of the current water year, so that, we face severe to very severe drought in most parts of the country, he stated.

What would be the consequences?

Climate change is a fact that cannot be run over, whether the temperature raises over 2 or 6°C, natural incidents such as flooding, droughts, and severe storms are among the main consequences of climate change.

Moreover, water and food shortages, water-borne illnesses, cold or heat-related deaths will come up as the results of temperature variations; in tropical areas also the risk of floods will raise.

Heavy rain and other extreme weather events will become more frequent, which can lead to floods along with decreasing water quality, but also decreasing availability of water resources in some regions.

Climate change will also bring extreme wet and dry seasons, which mainly causes rainfall fluctuations and water scarcity. While there have been prolonged droughts nationwide in past recent years leaving people scrambling for water.

So, nations must take steps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the future, preventing the emissions peak, otherwise, they might not be able to breathe on the planet in the future, or migrate to other places if found.

The study may also come efficient when it comes to making the people aware of climate change impact in their own city, within their lifetime, to avoid experiencing an entirely new climate that is beyond human experience.

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Energized Fabrics to Keep Hands Warm

reporter 1222 — Sun, 14 Jan 2018 06:10:04 +0000

TEHRAN – To keep military personnel more comfortable and battle-ready in bitterly cold climes, scientists are conducting research aimed at creating high-tech fabrics that heat up when powered and that capture sweat.

The researchers presented their results at the 254th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS).

Much of the Army’s cold-weather hand gear was designed more than 30 years ago, so soldiers often opt to buy winter gloves at retail stores, Paola D’Angelo, Ph.D., said. But even this modern gear isn’t enough to prevent paratroopers from losing feeling in their hands and feet when they parachute to earth in arctic conditions.

“That’s problematic if soldiers have to operate weapons as soon as they land,” she noted. “So we want to pursue this fundamental research to see if we can modify hand wear for that extreme cold weather.”

The work was inspired by research led by Yi Cui, Ph.D., at Stanford University. Cui’s team synthesized very fine silver nanowires, and then placed a network of the wires on cotton. By applying power to the silver nanowires, the researchers could heat the fabric.

Researchers are now working to extend this silver nanowire idea to fabrics suitable for military uniforms, such as polyester and a cotton/nylon blend. The Army team found that applying a mere 3 volts to 1-inch by 1-inch test swatches of these fabrics -the output of a typical watch battery- raises the temperature by 100 degrees Fahrenheit in just one minute.

If these experimental fabrics can ultimately be used in uniforms, soldiers could dial up or down the voltage to vary the amount of heat their uniforms produce to match weather conditions. The added heating means uniforms could be thinner and lighter, an advantage for soldiers who must carry heavy loads and walk long distances.

The scientists are also incorporating a layer of sweat-absorbing hydrogel particles made of polyethylene glycol or poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). The researchers think these particles might stop other layers in the fabrics from getting wet, which would keep soldiers more comfortable during missions. After they return to base, the soldiers could release the sweat from their uniforms by hanging them up to dry in the warmer indoor air.

Materials of the study have been provided by American Chemical Society.

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Autumn expected to be warmer than normal

Energized Fabrics to Keep Hands Warm

TEHRAN – To keep military personnel more comfortable and battle-ready in bitterly cold climes, scientists are conducting research aimed at creating high-tech fabrics that heat up when powered and that capture sweat.