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Change of monarchy into republic,  the demand of the public in the late 18th Century and early 19th Century based on equality and brotherhood has emerged in the form of today’s revolution . That day and with the revolt of August 10, 1792, employees of the French offices with the help of the ordinary people invaded the guardians of Tuileries Palace and with storming the palace, they killed some  600 Swiss protection guards of the king and called for stepping down of the king. At that time legislative parliament, which was in power before the declaration of first republic, was under foreign threats.

France was involved in a war with Austria and Prussia. In July 1792, Duke of Brunswick, commander of Austrian and Prussian Army threatened that if smallest thing happens to French King Louis XVI, he would destroy Paris. This foreign threat intensified political chaos in France in the heat of the French Revolution and deepened revolutionary sentiment and emotion among different fronts in the country; like the current status that violence finds new form day in day. In the first half of September 1792, some currents infiltrated into the prisons of the city to prevent any change in the establishment and they killed almost half of the nobles, clerics, political prisoners as well as ordinary criminals like prostitutes and petty thieves. In the wake of rise in the violence of the people and political instability of new Constitutional Monarchy, a party comprised of six members of French legislative parliament took the charge of holding and monitoring the elections.

The convention resulted by these elections started its work with two goals of superseding and compiling a new Constitution. The first action of this convention was to declare republic and take away all political powers from the King himself. After a while Louis XVI stood on trial for big treason charge in December 1972 and just in one month on January 16, 1793 he was sentenced to death and was executed on January 21. Through the whole winter of 1792 and spring of 1793, Paris were facing with riots and looting food and general hunger problem. The new convention did not take any serious action for removing the problem till the end of the spring of 1973 and instead it was busy with war issues.

Finally on April 6, 1793, the convention set up public security committee and assigned it with important tasks; supervise and handle radical movements, shortage of food stuff and riots, riots in Vendee and Brittany, successive defeats of army and desertion of commanders from the army were of the main missions of this committee.

The committee implemented the policy of “rule of fear” and guillotines were beheading with faster speed those who were against the republic,and an era that we know it as the “rule of fear” began. Despite rise in the dissatisfaction of the people against the national convention as a ruling body, the convention prepared the draft copy of the Constitution in June 1973 which was approved by the votes of people in August of the same year. However the public security committee was considered as an emergency government and the guaranteed rights announced by the 1789 Human Rights Declaration and Citizenship and the new Constitution were not carried out.

Today French people have revived the climate of 230 years ago and they now feel a deep understanding of change in the spirit of the establishment into deception and reign beneath the skin of the republic, and this is a fully sustainable dissatisfaction and it shows itself in the form of different protests. Clearly one can see what happened during the riots and unrests of last year (2022) in Iran are totally different from the demands of the French. The difference is in the nature of those unrests. The demand of the French is a total change in the nature of the whole establishment so-called republic in France and actually, in essence, monarchy. But demands of unrests in Iran were limited to only a minority which was administered by a mixture of a toppling project in the form of combination of thugs and some deceived people through the support of media tools inside and outside the country and it was like the Iranian 28 Mordad Coup d’Etat (1953 Coup); so that unrests and protests and way of controlling this phenomena in some areas of the country are of the issues that have become important for the officials of the Islamic Republic following the political and social changes after the imposed war. These protests have led to the waves of theorizations regarding the nature, roots and consequences. Many analysts have analyzed this issue and have used different interpretations and opinions.

The great distance in the nature and the depth of unrests in Iran comparing with what is going in France today is completely evident and clear and in fact it implies different interpretations and sometimes in contradiction to each other.

Both currents either in Iran or France today are under study and analysis with the topics like social riots, social movement and even Iran as the new sedition. Raising this question, that last autumn unrests in the Islamic Republic of Iran are explainable based on what factors and raising the second question how the unrests in France can be analyzed, can put the point of difference of these two currents clearly in front of the eyes of our dear readers.

Today domestic political currents from pro-Western to seculars are surprised how they see inverted and disintegrated their mental pattern for imposing their intellectual content in the establishment. Those who see effective the application of the communicative action (Habermars) in analyzing political and social protests, today are in awe and silence why suddenly they find their measurable ideals disintegrated.  The republic seemingly was to label injustice on all the world, and today it brutally has resorted to hot and cold weapons in facing with the native justice-seekers to quell and choke their social leap and voice based on deep understanding of the content of monarchy with the name of the republic.

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This Thursday, May 4, Roger Waters played the second and last Parisian date of his “This Is Not a Drill” tour. Between rock songs from the Pink Floyd discography and his solo repertoire, ultra-careful cinematographic scenography, and engaged and political moments, this concert put (almost) everyone in agreement.

During the concert, the phrase “Palestinian Rights” played a role on the very large screen of the Accor Arena. Of course, this is not the first time Waters has supported Palestine.

In July 2022, the Canadian Foreign Policy Institute hosted an online rally and press event featuring Pink Floyd’s Roger Waters in support of McGill students who’ve faced a litany of attacks for advancing the Palestinian cause.

The 79-year-old British musician and co-founder of Pink Floyd expressed his support for Palestine during his concert in New York in September 2022 by paying tribute to Shireen Abu Akleh, an Al Jazeera journalist who was killed by the Israeli army in Jenin.

Waters’ support for Palestine has not been without cost. Some Western countries have canceled his concerts, and supporters of the Israeli regime are trying to castrate his positions and activities by chanting anti-Semitic slogans. But questioning the artistry of someone who has done 60 years of artistic work at the highest level and is popular worldwide is not an easy task. Waters does not only support Palestine. He can be considered a supporter of all those vulnerable.

In May 2021, Waters, the famous songwriter and singer, showed his support for the Palestinian people by applauding the raising of the Palestinian flag after Leicester City’s victory in the English FA Cup final. Two Leicester City players held the flag as a sign of solidarity with the oppressed people of Palestine and their response to the Israeli regime’s brutal attacks on Jerusalem.

Roger Waters said, “My heart leaped with joy when I saw these two young players take a stand against the human rights abuses and desecration of humanity by the Zionist regime.” The renowned Pink Floyd member added that he is steadfast in his opposition to the Zionist regime and has started preparing a document to combat their oppression in Gaza. He also said that they are trying to tell the Zionist regime through FIFA and UEFA that until their officials comply with international laws and guarantee basic human rights, they cannot participate respectfully in club and international competitions.

In 2006, at the request of Palestinians, Waters moved his concert from Tel Aviv, Israel, to the Arab village of Neve Shalom. Roger Waters also emphasized joining the BDS campaign against Israel in a letter to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2013, saying, “Please join me and all my brothers and sisters in the global civil society in rejecting apartheid in Israel and occupied Palestinian territories and asking everyone not to perform in Israel until it complies with international law and universal principles of human rights.”

On June 3, 2010, Roger Waters released a new version of the famous song “We Shall Overcome” to support the Palestinian people and protest against the Israeli regime’s attacks. The music was released by himself on the social media platform YouTube.

Last year, during the turmoil in Iran, the anti-Iranian channel Iran International organized a program by inviting British and Iranian celebrities to secretly influence the opinions of the Iranian people.

However, everything did not go as planned and Roger Waters surprised everyone. When the Iran International asked this British celebrity “What is your message to the Iranian people?” Roger Waters answered, “Although a negative image of the Iranian people may be presented in the American media, I offer all my support to the Iranian people and they should know that Americans have concluded in a poll that Iran must be destroyed.”

This British singer adds, “For example, look at what they did with Syria and Iraq, and Iran is also on this list because US foreign policy is focused on destroying the beautiful country of Iran.”

During these talks, while the host of Iran International was showing dissatisfaction with the British guest’s remarks, the channel cut off the live connection with this British celebrity!

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The number of people registered as seeking work jumped by 843,000 from March to 4,575,500, the highest since records began in 1996, the Labor Ministry said, Reuters reported.

The ministry said that the surge was due to a nearly 35% drop in the number of people getting new jobs while the number of people joining the tally fell 19%.

The data do not include people who have been put on state-subsided furloughs during the crisis, which the ministry said on Wednesday numbered nearly 13 million.

France’s government put the country under one of the most strict lockdowns in Europe in mid-March and the country is only gradually emerging after most restrictions were lifted on May 11.

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With open-air markets closed, supermarket prices skyrocketing, an out-of-work husband, two children to feed, and another on the way, Diatite said even tomatoes are now too expensive.

“This is my only solution,” she said, relieved that a local group in her Paris suburb of Clichy-sous-Bois stepped in with help.

Clichy-sous-Bois — where fiery nationwide riots started in 2005 — is just 23 kilometers (14 miles) northeast of the French capital, but with its rows of housing projects, restless youth, and residents teetering on the poverty line, it feels light-years away.

The town mayor, seeing a looming crisis triggered by food shortages, sounded the alarm, and with scattered unrest simmering in impoverished suburbs, the French government announced a plan for urgent food assistance of 39 million euros (nearly $42.1 million) for communities in need.

Providing food aid might be the most fixable of the longstanding problems in the heavily immigrant housing projects ringing France’s large cities. Leader after leader has tried and failed to find remedies for often-dilapidated and cramped housing, chronic delinquency, a thriving drug trade, and, above all, the entrenched discrimination against minority communities that limits their job prospects in France.

Some residents say they felt confined years before the strict coronavirus lockdown measures imposed March 17.

“I feel the social crisis is growing with confinement,” said Clichy-Sous-Bois Mayor Olivier Klein.

“We see numerous people in need, urgently, in a way we’ve never seen,” he told France Info radio. “In these tense neighborhoods, the smallest spark can trigger still more tension.”

Alongside the food crisis, there has been scattered violence, with youths targeting French police in confrontations that end in clouds of tear gas but no known injuries, including in Clichy-sous-Bois. The town is where filmmaker Ladj Ly shot his Oscar-nominated modern police drama “Les Miserables.”

A call for calm came from an unlikely person, a 30-year-old man with a long criminal record who crashed his motorcycle into the open door of a police car in Villeneuve-la-Garenne, northwest of Paris. Claims that police were at fault spread across the internet. From his hospital bed, he implored gangs to “go home,” in a video released by his lawyer.

Clichy-sous-Bois was the takeoff point of nationwide rioting 15 years ago. Nightly TV images of the destruction awakened many in France to large swaths of a population they barely knew existed. The lockdown is again shining a spotlight on the still mostly invisible lives of those who struggle even in the best of times.

The town is in the poorest region of mainland France, Seine-Saint-Denis, where the overall mortality rate has more than doubled since March 1, when the country began counting virus deaths, according to national statistics agency Insee. Experts have blamed the density of the population, the difficulty to enact social distancing in often large families, and the fact that those in poorer areas often have jobs with a higher risk of infection. Statistics were not available to show whether the virus was solely responsible for the higher mortality rates.

“This crisis is simply making (the problems) much more visible,” said Mohamed Mechmache, who heads the association ACLeFeu, or Enough Fire, which grew out of the riots and is distributing food in Clichy-sous-Bois. Thousands now line up twice a week for the distribution, organized after the lockdown began.

Diatite is typical of many in her predicament. Her husband drives a bus at Paris’ Orly Airport, which closed last month due to the lull in air traffic, putting him out of work. The growing family lives in a 26-square-meter (less than a 280-square foot) apartment.

“There is a very large accumulation of inequalities that often increase” in a crisis, said sociologist Marie-Helene Bacque who worked with Mechmache in 2013 on political participation in housing projects. About 70% of the population of Clichy-sous-Bois is of immigrant origin, she noted, typical of similar suburban towns.

Economic, social, and race factors bind the suburbs in an interlocking grip of inequality, though France does not keep statistics on ethnic origins, in line with its ideal of a melting pot.

“We’re moving toward a large social crisis,” Bacque said.

Interior Minister Christophe Castaner said since the start of the lockdown, police have carried out checks on 220,000 people in the Seine-Saint-Denis region alone to ensure confinement rules are respected, more than double the national average.

Some police attribute scattered violence in some neighborhoods to the squeeze on drug dealers during the lockdown. “Traffickers want to eliminate all police presence,” tweeted Linda Kebbab, an official of the police union SGP-FO.

Bachir Ghouinem, who helps ACLeFeu distribute food, dismissed the violence as just “another problem” among the many facing poor suburbs. But he is one of the rare individuals willing to speak of a worst-case scenario should food distributions stop.

“Rioting and pillaging. We’re afraid of that,” he said. “If it happens here, it happens everywhere.”

Mechmache, the leader of the ACLeFeu, takes a longer view.

“I dare to hope that there will be an awareness at the end of this lockdown to tackle the problems of inequality, which have existed for more than 30 years,” he told AP.

For Bacque, the sociologist, “It’s the moment to return to the fundamental challenge, more equality.”

She said she doubts that kind of political investment will come to pass but said: “an explosion is not to be excluded.”

A tram that allows residents to connect more easily with Paris — and jobs — opened in December in Clichy-sous-Bois. In the nearby housing project known as Les Bosquets, dilapidated high rises and other buildings used by drug dealers were razed several years ago, fulfilling a promise made by the government after the 2005 riots.

“But you don’t transform the social dimension by fixing … architectural problems,” Bacque said.

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