TEHRAN (Iran News) The agreement commits both sides to enhancing trade relations through the exchange of information and business delegations, facilitating introductions between entrepreneurs, showcasing economic capabilities, and laying the groundwork for broader commercial cooperation.

In his remarks, Najafi Arab emphasized China’s role as Iran’s top trading partner. “China is Iran’s number one partner in foreign trade, both in imports and exports. Our economic relations go back centuries, to the days of the Silk Road,” he said.

Drawing on his experience in pharmaceutical and medical equipment cooperation with Chinese companies, Najafi Arab highlighted how much of Iran’s industrial production depends on Chinese raw materials, intermediate goods, and machinery. He urged Chinese partners to move beyond what he described as “conservative business attitudes” to accelerate joint projects.

Referring to the 25-year strategic partnership agreement between Iran and China, Najafi Arab stressed that the private sector is responsible for implementing its economic and commercial aspects. He noted that frameworks such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and BRICS could further advance bilateral trade.

The Tehran Chamber president pointed to Khorgos’s strong potential in logistics, trade facilitation, and industrial development. He announced plans to establish an export management company, create a permanent showroom for Iranian products in Khorgos, and even open a Tehran Chamber office in the region.

Najafi Arab also underlined the potential of China’s 100-million-strong Muslim population as a key market for halal Iranian products, while inviting Chinese investment in Iran’s renewable energy and gas industries.

Zantao Li, Deputy Mayor of Khorgos, welcomed the Iranian delegation, highlighting the strategic location of the Khorgos Special Economic Zone, its rail and road infrastructure, and the advantages of its dry port, which connects China by rail to Europe and by road to Russia.

He also noted favorable policies for foreign investors, including tax holidays of up to five years and customs duty exemptions. Li expressed support for the Tehran Chamber’s plan to establish an office in Khorgos, stressing opportunities in agricultural and mineral exports from Iran to China, and the expansion of Chinese goods exports to Iran.

Li suggested that future cooperation could also extend to digital economy initiatives, e-commerce, ICT, and digital currencies.

Chang Li, a Chinese business leader, spoke about the formation of a global trade union last year with members from 39 countries and 87 chambers of commerce. He described it as a family-like network enabling multilateral trade in commodities ranging from Russian crude oil to Australian iron ore and Brazilian sugar. He noted the union also operates barter trade mechanisms through its international cross-border trade committee.

Ali-Akbar Shamani, Deputy for Customs Affairs at Iran’s Customs Administration, who accompanied the Tehran Chamber delegation, briefed attendees on Iran’s fully digitalized customs system, highlighting electronic declaration processes and risk management mechanisms.

Meanwhile, Fereydoun Verdinejad, Secretary-General of the Tehran Chamber, explained the chamber’s current four-year strategic plan, which identifies eight priority value chains and eight target countries for trade expansion: China, Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, India, Oman, Indonesia, and Pakistan. With Khorgos located at the intersection of both China and Kazakhstan, he said, the region is of particular strategic importance.

Verdinejad described the new Tehran–Khorgos memorandum as a “solid cornerstone” for rapid and sustainable development of bilateral trade.

Farzin Ferdos, a member of the TCCIMA board, also addressed the meeting, stressing the need to leverage digital platforms to expand bilateral trade and services. “Cooperation Agreement ”

The event concluded with the official signing of a cooperation memorandum between the Tehran Chamber of Commerce and the Khorgos International Chamber of Commerce, formalized by Mahmoud Najafi Arab and Faming Ma.

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TEHRAN (Iran News) Speaking during a meeting with Niaz Čardaklija, Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Ambassador to Iran, Hassanzadeh emphasized that the current trade volume between the two nations is unsatisfactory and urged both governments and private sectors to devise strategies to boost economic exchanges.

Hassanzadeh highlighted Iran’s extensive capabilities across various sectors, including engineering services, road and bridge construction, hotels, buildings, hospitals, building materials, tiles, ceramics, glass, petrochemicals, steel, food industries, vegetables, greenhouse products, chemicals, polymers, medical equipment, household appliances, textiles, and apparel. “Iran offers competitive prices and high-quality goods, with agricultural products meeting global standards and being exported worldwide,” he noted. He proposed exporting semi-finished construction materials to Bosnia for final production and resale, either locally or for re-export, as a means to enhance bilateral trade.

The ICCIMA president also pointed to the ease of visa issuance between the two countries as a foundation for expanding tourism, particularly in the health sector, which could further deepen cooperation. Stressing the importance of commercial delegations, he added, “We are ready to host Bosnian trade delegations and hope conditions will allow Iranian delegations to visit Bosnia as well.”

Ambassador Čardaklija, representing a nation of three million people, encouraged Iranian traders to view Bosnia not just as a standalone market but as a gateway to the Balkans and broader European markets. “Re-exporting goods could be a promising avenue for collaboration,” he said, noting that while cultural ties between Iran and Bosnia are strong, economic engagement remains limited. “Iranian traders have a minimal presence in Bosnia and Herzegovina. We need to shift this dynamic and prioritize economic partnerships alongside cultural ones.”

Čardaklija underscored Iran’s potential to supply a wide range of Bosnia’s needs, suggesting that new avenues for cooperation must be explored to increase trade volume. He proposed hosting an “Iran Economic Week” in Bosnia, featuring Iranian traders, to foster greater familiarity with each country’s commercial capacities. “Bosnian traders know very little about Iran’s economic potential,” he admitted, adding that establishing an ICCIMA branch in Sarajevo or a trade center in Bosnia could significantly enhance collaboration.”Iran-Bosnia”

The ambassador also addressed the stalled preferential trade agreement between the two nations. “Though this agreement exists, it has not been fully implemented, with only 10% of its potential utilized,” he lamented. He urged private sectors on both sides to work together to maximize its benefits, noting that 75% of Bosnia’s exports go to EU countries, reflecting the high quality of its goods.

Hassanzadeh welcomed these proposals, affirming ICCIMA’s readiness to explore and implement strategies to elevate trade with Bosnia. “We are prepared to collaborate fully to increase the trade volume between our countries,” he concluded.

The meeting signals a renewed push to transform the Iran-Bosnia relationship from one rooted in cultural affinity to a robust economic partnership. With untapped potential in trade agreements, market access, and mutual investment, both sides appear committed to turning opportunities into action. The proposed trade center and economic week could serve as pivotal steps toward integrating Iranian goods into European supply chains via Bosnia, while opening new markets for Bosnian exports in the Middle East. As discussions progress, the focus remains on practical measures to bridge the gap between ambition and achievement in this bilateral relationship.

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According to Khandouzi, the mentioned agreements have been reached between the two sides during the visit of Iran’s delegation to the 6th China International Import Expo (CIIE).

“Specific projects were defined between the government departments of the respective ministries of Iran and China, and agreements were reached on the details of the implementation of the mentioned projects,” Khandouzi said.

Regarding the private sectors of the two countries, some Iranian companies operating in China and some large Chinese companies operating in Iran faced obstacles, which were discussed and resolved by the relevant authorities, he explained.

“We are going to witness a significant growth in economic cooperation and investment between the two sides with the implementation of these projects,” the minister noted.

Headed by Iran’s First Vice President, Mohammad Mokhber, a senior delegation comprised of Economy Minister Ehsan Khandouzi, Industry, Mining, and Trade Minister Abbas Aliabadi, as well as the deputies of various ministries and the economic deputy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs visited China last week to attend the 6th CIIE.

Iran and China officially signed the document for 25-year comprehensive cooperation in March 2021.

The document was signed between Iran’s former Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif and Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi at the Iranian Foreign Ministry.

Back in December 2022, Iran and China finalized 16 memorandums of understanding (MOU) under the framework of the two countries’ strategic 25-year agreement.

The MOUs were signed in an Iran-China comprehensive cooperation program summit which was held in Tehran on December 13 in the presence of Iran’s First Vice President Mohammad Mokhber and China’s Vice Premier Hu Chunhua.

The summit was focused on four areas explored by four committees between the two countries with the aim of paving the way for the implementation of the 25-year agreement.

Iran and China also signed 20 memoranda of understanding in the presence of the presidents of the two countries in Beijing in mid-February.

Heading a high-ranking delegation, Iran’s President Ebrahim Raisi was on a three-day state visit to China starting February 14.

During President Raisi’s visit to China, Tehran and Beijing signed a number of bilateral cooperation documents in the fields of agriculture, trade, tourism, environmental protection, health, disaster relief, culture, and sports.

The documents include agreements in the field of transportation and industry worth $12 billion and $3.5 billion, respectively; the agreements cover various joint projects like the high-speed rail link between Tehran and Mashhad, and investment in the Imam Khomeini Airport City.

Investment in Iran’s southeastern Mokran Coast and the purchase of Iranian oil were also mentioned in the documents.

Raisi’s visit served as an example of the high level of mutual trust between China and Iran, as well as a milestone for bilateral ties.

Then in mid-July, the agreements signed between Iran and China during President Raisi’s trip to Beijing in mid-February were turned into specified projects during the two countries’ joint cooperation committee meeting, the Iranian finance and economic affairs minister announced.

Ehsan Khandouzi left Tehran for Beijing on July 12 to attend the Iran-China Joint Cooperation Committee meeting, which was held after four and half years.

“With the constructive atmosphere of the committee, we will soon witness good events in the fields of business and investment”, the official wrote on his Twitter account on July 16.

Khandouzi further announced that Iran and China are going to begin the execution of some joint projects agreed upon in February by the presidents of the two countries, as of the following month.

According to the minister, the necessary follow-ups regarding the mentioned projects have been made over the last five months and the final decisions for the start of their implementations were made during a joint business event on July 13.

“President Raisi had an important trip to Beijing last winter and good agreements were made with the president of China; in this regard, the necessary follow-ups were made by various ministries during the last five months, and on Thursday (July 13) the first joint committee between Iran and China was held after 4.5 years,” Khandouzi said.

“China is Iran’s largest trading partner and the most important destination for the export of Iranian goods and an important part of our imports are also from China. Last year, China’s share in Iran’s (non-oil) trade was 24 percent,” the minister added.

Back in early April, the Chinese ambassador to Tehran said: “This year is a good year for Iran-China relations.”

Chang Hua made the remarks in a meeting with the members of the Iran-China Joint Chamber of Commerce and a number of Iranian traders and businessmen, who conduct trade with China, held at the place of the Iran Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mines, and Agriculture (ICCIMA) in Tehran.

Referring to China’s growing economy, the envoy said this year is a good year for Iran-China relations, adding that during the meeting between the leaders of the two countries, important agreements were made, including the implementation of the 25-year cooperation agreement between the two countries, and a number of bilateral cooperation documents were signed in the fields of agriculture, tourism, culture, relief, and rescue, etc.

Majid-Reza Hariri, the head of the Iran-China Joint Chamber, also emphasized the desire of Iran’s private sector to develop business relations with China and said there are obstacles in this direction. Among other things, issuing visas for Iranian businessmen, especially for their presence at trade fairs in China, is associated with problems, and facilitating it will definitely help the development of relations between the two sides.

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Without settling those issues, reviving the 2015 deal known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) makes no sense, President Raisi said at a press conference attended by domestic journalists as well as correspondents from foreign media outlets in the capital Tehran.

“Negotiations are underway within the same framework and focused on the removal of sanctions. We insist on verification and confidence-building measures during the course of negotiations. We also emphasize on the full resolution of safeguard issues. This is an important issue, and any talk of an agreement would have not meaning unless issues are resolved.”

During the presser, Raisi also dismissed Israeli threats against Tehran, emphasizing that nobody can deprive the Iranian nation of its inalienable right to access peaceful nuclear technology.

“We have stated times and again that nuclear weapons have no place in our nuclear doctrine. The Leader of the Islamic Revolution (Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Khamenei) has frequently announced that the acquisition of such armament is religiously forbidden. We also declared in our foreign policy that these munitions have no place in our foreign policy,” he underlined.

Raisi added that the Islamic Republic of Iran has made great progress in various sectors of the nuclear industry, namely in the oil and energy fields, and the achievements were recently put on display during an exhibition.

“The Zionist regime has long been opposed to Iran acquiring the right [to nuclear technology]. But this know-how has been indigenized in our country, and cannot be taken from us in any way.”

“Their threats will not go anywhere. The assassination of nuclear scientists was aimed at stopping this trend. A lot of sabotage acts were carried out in order to stop us, but we didn’t stop. They cannot stop us to assert this definite right,” the Iranian president said.

Denouncing the U.S. sanctions as illegal and brutal, Raisi stated that the Iranian negotiating team will not leave the negotiating table in the talks on reviving the 2015 nuclear deal and lifting the bans.

“We are following up on the neutralization of sanctions and have set up a headquarters under the management of First Vice President [Mohammad Mokhber] for that purpose. We are also pursuing the removal of sanctions through the Foreign Ministry and [Vienna] negotiations.”

President Raisi also said many of the sanctions that were aimed to restrain Iran fell flat due to the country’s resistance.

“We do not recognize any limitations for ourselves in this regard,” he asserted. “The level of our interactions with regional countries has increased up to 5 times. Our oil exports are in a state where we feel we should do our best and continue to export oil and non-oil commodities.”

Raisi also demanded the release of Iran’s assets frozen abroad as a result of Washington’s actions, saying, “We did not leave the negotiating table for sanctions removal. Negotiations are for the sake of removing the sanctions. Those who abandoned their commitments should return and fulfill their obligations. Our emphasis in these negotiations is on the removal of sanction.”

The Iranian president then went on to stress that there would be no benefit in meeting with his U.S. counterpart Joe Biden on the sidelines of the forthcoming 77th session of the UN General Assembly in New York.

“Earlier, I stated and declared it once again that there will be no benefit for Iran and the Iranian nation in such a meeting with him,” Raisi said.

Elsewhere in his remarks, Raisi highlighted the Israeli regime’s impotence in protecting itself against Palestinian people’s stone-throwing, let alone their “precision strike missiles.”

The president also emphasized that Israeli officials would not find any opportunity to take an action against Iran.

“They should see whether anything of them would be left once they decide to attack Iran,” he stated.

Raisi also stressed that Iran-China ties are fully independent of any third-party influence, noting that the relations between Tehran and Beijing are not affected by what is going on in the international arena.

He said that the bilateral ties exist in various areas, especially in commercial and economic areas, and should be further expanded.

The Iranian president also referred to the 25-year comprehensive cooperation agreement between the two nations, stressing that Tehran is determined to implement the deal besides the partnership treaties that it has already signed with Beijing.

As for Iran’s full membership of in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), Raisi said, “Our presence in the SCO and cooperation with its member states are of great importance. It connects us to the economic infrastructure of Asia. It is very important for our country to have its own share of trade and economy in the region.”

Raisi also reiterated that Tehran and Moscow enjoy strategic cooperation in various areas, have exchanged documents, and started joint work in the development of energy fields.

“Iran has been pursuing the policy of good neighborliness…Foreign presence in the region creates problems, and does not provide security for regional states,” he said.

Raisi also noted that fence-mending negotiations between senior representatives from Iran and Saudi Arabia are ongoing in the Iraqi capital Baghdad in order to resolve differences between the two countries and restore diplomatic relations.

The Iranian president finally stated that Tehran and Ankara enjoy good bilateral ties and closely cooperate with each other concerning regional issues and developments.

“Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has promised to pursue joint water diplomacy with neighbors,” Raisi said.

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Amir-Abdollahian made the remarks in a Thursday address to the World Economic Forum in the Swiss city of Davos.

“Now, we have reached a point [during the negotiations in the Austrian capital city of Vienna] that if the American side makes a realistic decision, an agreement would be within reach,” Iran’s top diplomat said.

“Zionists tell many lies about Iran’s nuclear issue, but Americans exactly know what they must do if they want to return to the JCPOA,” Amir-Abdollahian said while referring to the deal under its official name, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).

“We have announced time and again that the atomic bomb has no place in our foreign policy doctrine and [religious] beliefs…. The [International Atomic Energy] Agency has also announced many times that Iran does not seek the nuclear weapon,” Iran’s foreign minister said.

“Zionists do not want an agreement [to be reached] in the Vienna talks,” Amir-Abdollahian emphasized.

“U.S. blacklisting of IRGC only a secondary issue, nation’s interests top priority”

Elsewhere in his remarks, Amir-Abdollahian rejected reports that the main snag that has stalled the Vienna talks is the issue of U.S. blacklisting of Iran’s Islamic Revolution Guards Corps (IRGC).

“There are more important issues involved here. When we talk about [Tehran’s] return to the JCPOA, it means resumption of normal economic and trade activities of Iran within the context of international economy and global trade. This is important to us and we have informed the American side of this issue time and again… We say out loud that the main factor [that has stalled the negotiations] is that Iran and the people of Iran must avail themselves of full economic advantages of the JCPOA.”

“In fact, the IRGC being on the US blacklist of terrorist groups is a secondary issue that has been magnified by the pro-Israeli lobby and our main priority is the interests of the Iranian nation,” Iran’s foreign minister said.

Amir-Abdollahian noted, “We have a lot of information, which [shows that] Zionists are taking U.S. foreign policy hostage.

“Be sure that Iran has numerous options on the table, but the most important issue is that factors related to [former U.S. President Donald] Trump’s ‘maximum pressure’ [policy against Iran] must be done away with,” Iran’s top diplomat added.

Amir-Abdollahian also talked about Iran-Saudi Arabia rapprochement talks, saying Iran has always kept the doors ajar so that Riyadh could resume normal ties with Iran whenever they wanted.

He said that Iran and Saudi Arabia have recently had good progress and have even agreed to hold a meeting at foreign ministry officials or foreign minister level in a third country.

On the war in Yemen, the foreign minister said that all Yemeni sides should have their share in the future of the country, adding that the ceasefire should endure and the blockade should be removed.

Meanwhile Saudi Arabia’s Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud says there has been “some but not enough” progress in talks with Iran, and that Riyadh’s hands remain outstretched to Tehran.

“We have made some progress but not enough. Our hands are stretched out,” Prince Faisal told a World Economic Forum panel on Tuesday.

“We continue to encourage our neighbors in Iran to lean into what can be a very, very important sea change in our region,” he said.

The top Saudi diplomat said a “new era of cooperation” could deliver benefits for all.

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Speaking to the press on the sidelines of the signing ceremony of a memorandum between National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company (NIORDC) and Bank Mellat on Saturday, Khandouzi said: “In the coming months, we will start signing contracts not at the general level but in different specific sectors.”

On March 26, 2021, Iran and China signed a comprehensive agreement expressing a desire to increase cooperation and trade relations over the next 25 years.

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In Friday’s talks the participants agreed to meet in person in Vienna on Tuesday, April 6, after “frank and serious talks,” according to Iranian Deputy Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi, a senior negotiator in the talks.

Here is the full text of the interview with Fitzpatrick over his expectation of this round of talks:

Q: What is your prediction in regard to the results of ongoing negotiations over reviving the JCPOA? Are you optimistic about the outcome of the talks?

Fitzpatrick: It should not have taken two months for talks to begin on restoring the JCPOA. But now that all parties are at the table – albeit not exactly at the same table. I expect they will be able to work out a “compliance for compliance” agreement within the next few months.

All parties share the same goal of resuming the deal that was negotiated with such intense efforts in 2015.  It would be tragic if that goal cannot be reached due to political impediments in both capitals.

Q: What are the main domestic challenges that hinder Biden’s return to the JCPOA? Do you think Biden can contain hawkish attempts intended to completely kill the deal?

Fitzpatrick: President Joe Biden faces severe political challenges in that he cannot count on a majority of Senators to support a clean “compliance for compliance” restoration of the JCPOA.  Some key senators in his own party have said that a restored JCPOA should have additional conditions, such as an agreement to address missiles and other issues and extend the nuclear limits’ timelines.  In particular, Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chair Bob Menendez opposed the JCPOA back in 2015.  Biden needs Menendez’s help on many other matters, not least of all getting officials such as Deputy Secretary of State designee Wendy Sherman through the Senate confirmation process.  So, Biden cannot afford to anger Menendez by ignoring his views.  This is one reason Biden has been cautious about lifting sanctions waivers. Ultimately, I expect Menendez will not want to be responsible for killing a deal to revive the JCPOA, but it may take additional time and some compromises that Iran will not like.

Q: Is there any Russian initiative to revive the JCPOA? How do you see Russia and China’s role in this regard as they have deep disagreements with the Biden administration?

Fitzpatrick:  Russia and China were helpful partners in negotiations that produced the 2015 accord, and their active support will be needed for efforts to revive the deal.  But frankly, they are not the most important players. The key negotiations will involve mainly the U.S. and Iran. China’s role may be more important than that of Russia because China can offer more in the way of incentives, including investment and purchase of Iranian oil. The recent cooperation deal signed between Iran and China, lacking in detail though it was, shows Iranians that the potential for global trade once U.S. sanctions are lifted.

Q: Two progressive Democratic members of Congress (Sen. Chris Murphy and Rep. Ro Khanna) argued that the United States needs to make the first move in returning to the 2015 nuclear deal. Iran also says it is the U.S. that left the agreement and it should be the first party to return to its commitments. What is your comment?

Fitzpatrick:  When two parties in a standoff insist that the other must move first, the obvious answer is to take simultaneous steps.  This is a way to work around political impediments to a deal.  Working out the arrangements for simultaneity will require detailed negotiations. This is why it is so important that “proximity talks” are finally beginning.  That said, I do think the United States can afford to take some early steps, such as releasing some of the Iranian funds frozen in South Korea. Such a step could be politically justified in Washington on the grounds that the funds will be used for humanitarian goods, especially in light of the Covid wave that is again hitting Iran.

Q: Do you think the 25-year partnership pact between Iran and China can affect the attempts to revive the JCPOA? Why is the Biden administration worried about China’s influence in West Asia?

Fitzpatrick:  China and the United States are increasingly at odds on many issues, and most Americans regard China’s foreign policy moves with great suspicion in terms of motives and potential consequences in undercutting U.S. national interests. The China-Iran partnership pact is not necessarily detrimental to the United States. In fact, it could even be helpful in acting as an incentive to restoring the JCPOA. Nebulous though the partnership pact may be, it could show Iranian citizens the economic potential if U.S. sanctions were removed and Iran could freely engage in international trade.

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With its unilateral sanctions imposed against Islamic Republic of Iran, Washington created serious problems in Iran’s economic development, but interaction and cooperation of Tehran and Beijing will make US sanctions ‘ineffective’, he added.

Elsewhere in his remarks, he placed special emphasis on the significance of regional interactions and status of Iran, China and Pakistan for establishing trilateral cooperation and stated that signing strategic cooperation document between Iran and China is a giant development that can reinforce Pakistan’s cooperation with the two countries of Iran and China.

The convergence and cooperation between Iran, China, and Pakistan strengthen trade by sea, especially using the capacities of ports of Chabahar, Jask, and Gwadar, he added.

Iran’s Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif and his visiting Chinese counterpart Wang Yi signed the 25-year comprehensive strategic partnership agreement in Tehran on March 27, marking a milestone in bilateral relations between the two countries.

The cooperation roadmap had been announced in a joint statement during a visit to Tehran by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2016.

It consists of 20 articles, covering Tehran-Beijing ties in “Political,” “Executive Cooperation,” “Human and Cultural,” “Judiciary, Security and Defense,” and “Regional and International” domains.

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This report which was published in the third quarter of 2020 and everybody can see it indicates a fact that dollar’s share in the central banks’ forex reserves has declined to a record low in the past 25 years and it has stood around 59 percent. And antithetical to this biggest economic event, China’s national currency yuan with 2.25 percent, Canada’s dollar with 2 percent and Australian dollar with 1.82 percent have increased their shares in the forex reserves of the central banks in the world. And this level of record has been unprecedented in the history of the world economy.

The report is just one of the indexes showing the U.S. economy is in the bottleneck that today Americans are facing with a condition that the nightmare of Iran and China’s agreement has shaken their peace of mind. This concern has grown in a way that veteran U.S. diplomat and U.S. Special Representative for Iran Elliott Abrams in an article which was published in the American semi-monthly magazine  the National Review goes through the Iran-China 25-Year Cooperation Agreement and draws up two different scenarios for the agreement, considering this point that the published details of this agreement whether to be right or wrong.

Abrams in his article writes although Iran and China have so far refrained from publishing the details of their agreement, but experts said it was largely unchanged from an 18-page draft obtained last year by The New York Times. That draft detailed $400 billion of Chinese investments to be made in dozens of fields, including banking, telecommunications, ports, railways, health care and information technology, over the next 25 years. In exchange, China would receive a regular — and, according to an Iranian official and an oil trader, heavily discounted — supply of Iranian oil (overriding sanctions on oil sales).

If one looks at the concepts and the points touched in this article, he can easily notice that almost all efforts in the past ten years by the U.S. and Europe for sanctioning Iranian nation and encouraging them to revolt against the Islamic Republic establishment with goals like submission, collapse or toppling have  failed.

Regardless of Abrams’ article, today in any remarks and articles of any western official who reacts regarding this issue, this similarity is seen with what Abrams has said. Hereby, I should stipulate that this cooperation agreement currently has no figures or certain figures especially on the amount of investment or financial resources but the report which had been earlier published by the New York Times on the details of the document had faced a large number of reactions both inside and outside Iran.

The report claimed that Iran and China have reached an agreement on China’s 400-billion dollar investment in Iran for 25 years and in exchange, Iran will provide China with some concessions like heavily discounted oil. Regardless of the New York Times’ claimed details of the agreement, U.S. President Joe Biden’s short remarks on this agreement became disputable. On March 28 and in response to a question about the agreement by a reporter at Delaware Air Base, Biden said, “ I have concerned about that for a year,”

It seems reports and data which have been provided to Biden in the past years from different channels either openly or secretly have made Biden realize sanctions have become completely ineffective  and China’s arrival for cooperation with Iran has automatically boosted fully  Iran’s self-confidence for resisting against sanctions and circumventing them, and he puts all the blame on Donald Trump’s foul-ups and unstudied pullout of the JCPOA.

However one should notice this point that China’s policy for investment in West Asia is not focused merely on the Islamic Republic of Iran. The Chinese have over 3,000 billions of dollars of forex reserves abroad and if they shift it for investment into the West Asia, their money will at least been doubled in five years and simply this economic factor will make China as the master of the world economy and Asia will benefit a huge economic interest.

That we say this key dynamic and promising move will start with the Islamic Republic of Iran is because of this fact that the Strait of Hormuz is the key of Iranians, and the Chinese prefer to enter into a such a huge volume of investment cooperation in Asia with the key-holder of the Persian Gulf, Iran, with its over 2,200 kilometers of water borders because firstly, the Westerners would not be able to attain this stand for creating trouble for them and secondly, they can also enjoy having the hegemonic dominance of a country which is not of the type of subservient countries to the West.

So one can easily claim that the agreement between Iran and China will be in some way the lifesaver for the Asian economy.

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